The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.